Characteristics of Chinese Settlements in Tuban City as A Form of Cultural Acculturation

Abstract ―​

In the 12th century, Tuban, the largest port in eastern Java, became a transit point for traders from southern China. The arrival of ethnic Chinese from China marked the beginning of the Chinese settlement in Tuban. Today, the magnificent remains of the houses and shophouses of Tuban's Chinatown are evident, reflected in their architectural style and diversity. The diverse architectural characteristics of the houses and shophouses of Tuban's Chinatown are interesting and important for research. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of Chinese settlements and examine the forms of cultural acculturation in Chinese settlements in Tuban City. This study used qualitative methods through observation and interviews with several community leaders. Observations were conducted in four locations as case studies: the Kutorejo, Sendangjarjo, Ronggomulyo, and Kingking settlements. The study was limited to observing building facades, consisting of roof shapes, shophouse wall facades, and gates. The diverse characteristics of the houses and shophouses of the Chinese settlements (Chinatown) in Tuban City represent a manifestation of the acculturation of Chinese, Javanese, and European cultures. European architectural facades, adapted to Indonesia's tropical climate, have become the preferred choice for Chinese ethnic groups in their homes. The political, economic, social, and cultural backgrounds of Tuban Chinese ethnic groups determine their self-actualization through their home facades, while maintaining the meaningful values of their original Chinese culture.